From My Heart

RAsa sedih plak bila nak bagi baby danial ni solid food. Rasa cam mmm susu ku dah bercampur ngan bahan lain... tapi biasa la semua org vry xcited nak bg anak makan dgn alasan lapar. tok nenek pun suka sgt kata kecik2 korang dulu kitaorg sumbat je semua. mmm apa nak kata? Kalau kita xplain pasal kajian2 sains semua bukanny diaorg paham/x nak paham/buat2 x paham. How will I know when my baby's ready? Some babies are eager and ready to eat solids at age 4 months, while others need to wait until they're closer to 6 months old. (By 6 months they need to start cereal because of an increased need for iron.) Your baby will give you clear signs when he's ready to move beyond liquid nourishment. Cues to look for include: • Head control. To eat solids, your baby needs to be able to keep his head in a steady, upright position. • Losing the "extrusion reflex." To keep solids in his mouth and then swallow them, your baby needs to stop using his tongue to push food out of his mouth. • Sitting well when supported. Even if he's not quite ready for a highchair, your baby will need to be able to sit upright to swallow well. • Chewing motions. Your baby's mouth and tongue develop in sync with his digestive system. To start solids, he should be able to move food to the back of his mouth and swallow. As he learns to swallow efficiently, you may notice less drooling. He may also be teething around the same time. • Significant weight gain. Most babies are ready to eat solids when they've doubled their birth weight (or weigh about 15 pounds) and are at least 4 months old. • Growing appetite. He seems hungry after eight to ten feedings of breast milk or formula in a day. • Curiosity about what you're eating. Your baby may begin eyeing your bowl of rice or reaching for a forkful of fettuccini as it travels from your plate to your mouth.

Here are a few things to watch for to ensure that you are not over or under feeding your baby:

Signs that baby may want to continue to eat

• Leaning in for the spoon
• Opening the mouth
• Grabbing for food and trying to put it in the mouth

Signs that your baby may be full

• Closing of the mouth as the spoon comes close
• Spitting out the food that is being fed
• Turning the head away as the spoon comes closer

Studies show that babies are highly individual in developing a readiness for solid foods. One baby might seem to be ready for solids at 4 months, while another shows no signs of readiness until around 6 or 7 months. Just because your friend's baby may have began eating solid foods at 4 months of age does not mean that your baby should. Don't be pushed into starting solids and don't feel like you are a "bad Mommy" if you feel your baby is ready prior to 6 months of age.

Solid foods are a new experience and sometimes, baby may just be too hungry to want to sit for the new experience. She may not want to accept the spoon, the new tastes and the new textures.

Remember, solid foods are not meant to provide for baby nutritionally in the first few months, breast milk and/or formula fill this role. ALWAYS ensure that your baby is sitting upright. If your baby cannot sit upright unassisted and does not have proper head control, it may not be the right time to begin solid foods. When baby is in a highchair or other infant-specific chair then baby is less likely to choke.

From suryana (susuibu.com) ------> doc ckp madu xleh bg kt budak bwh 1year sbb ada botulism spores yg blh menyebabkan kematian..

Botulism (Latin, botulus, "sausage") also known as botulinus intoxication is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by botulinum toxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The toxin enters the body in one of four ways: by colonization of the digestive tract by the bacterium in children (infant botulism) or adults (adult intestinal toxemia), by ingestion of toxin from foodstuffs (foodborne botulism) or by contamination of a wound by the bacterium (wound botulism).^[1] All forms lead to paralysis that typically starts with the muscles of the face and then spreads towards the limbs.^[1] In severe forms, it leads to paralysis of the breathing muscles and causes respiratory failure. In view of this life-threatening complication, all suspected cases of botulism are treated as medical emergencies, and public health officials are usually involved to prevent further cases from the same source.^[1]

Infant botulism

Infant botulism was first recognized in 1976 and is the most common form of botulism in the United States. There are 80 - 100 diagnosed cases of infant botulism in the United States each year. Infants are susceptible to infant botulism in the first year of life with more than 90% of cases occurring in infants younger than six months.^[2] Infant botulism results from the ingestion of the C. botulinum spore and subsequent colonization of the small intestine. The infant gut may be colonized when the composition of the intestinal microflora (normal flora) is insufficient to competitively inhibit the growth of C. botulinum. Medical science does not yet completely understand all factors that make an infant susceptible to C. botulinum colonization. The growth of the spore releases botulinum toxin which is then absorbed into the bloodstream and taken throughout the body, causing paralysis by blocking the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Typical symptoms of infant botulism include constipation, lethargy, weakness, difficulty feeding and an altered cry often progressing to a complete descending flacid paralysis. Although constipation is usually the first symptom of infant botulism it is commonly overlooked.

Honey is the only known dietary reservoir of C. botulinum spores linked to infant botulism. For this reason honey should not be fed to infants less than one year of age. It is now sufficiently well known not to feed honey to babies. Due to the success of this public health message, fewer than 5% of recent infant botulism cases have been exposed to honey. The remaining 95% of infant botulism cases are thought to have acquired the spores from the natural environment. Clostridium botulinum is a ubiquitous soil-dwelling bacteria and is found in soils throughout the US.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulism#Signs_and_symptoms